I have had the need to expand the disk an Ubuntu Server so I thought I would lay out the steps. First step which I won’t cover is to expand the disk, for me this is though my hypervisor. Once the virtual disk has been expanded proceed with the following steps.

  1. Verify the OS is seeing the drive has extra space on it 
    lsblk

    Example output

     NAME                      MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS  
 loop0                       7:0    0  55.5M  1 loop /snap/core18/2959  
 loop1                       7:1    0  55.5M  1 loop /snap/core18/2976  
 loop2                       7:2    0  63.8M  1 loop /snap/core20/2682  
 loop3                       7:3    0  63.8M  1 loop /snap/core20/2686  
 loop4                       7:4    0    74M  1 loop /snap/core22/2163  
 loop5                       7:5    0  91.4M  1 loop /snap/lxd/36558  
 loop6                       7:6    0    74M  1 loop /snap/core22/2193  
 loop7                       7:7    0  91.4M  1 loop /snap/lxd/36918  
 loop8                       7:8    0   375M  1 loop /snap/nextcloud/51274  
 loop9                       7:9    0 375.4M  1 loop /snap/nextcloud/51617  
 loop10                      7:10   0  76.6M  1 loop /snap/powershell/313  
 loop11                      7:11   0  76.6M  1 loop /snap/powershell/316  
 loop12                      7:12   0  50.8M  1 loop /snap/snapd/25202  
 loop13                      7:13   0  50.9M  1 loop /snap/snapd/25577  
 sda                         8:0    0   500G  0 disk    
 ├─sda1                      8:1    0     1G  0 part /boot/efi  
 ├─sda2                      8:2    0     2G  0 part /boot  
 └─sda3                      8:3    0 396.9G  0 part    
  └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 252:0    0 396.9G  0 lvm  /  
 sr0                        11:0    1  1024M  0 rom   

    On device sda the size is 500G but the partitions only add up to 399.9G, so we have 100G of unpartitioned space.

  2. Now use growpart to expand the sda3 partition 
    sudo growpart /dev/sda 3

    Example Output

     CHANGED: partition=3 start=6397952 old: size=832462815 end=838860766 new: size=1042178015 end=1048575966

    It shows that partition 3 was changed to the new size.

  3. Once the partiton has been expanded use pvresize to update the physical volume. 
    sudo pvresize /dev/sda3

    Example Output

     Physical volume "/dev/sda3" changed
 1 physical volume(s) resized or updated / 0 physical volume(s) not resized
  4. Once the volume has been resized extend the logical volume to 100% 
    sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

    Example Output

     Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <396.95 GiB (101618 extents) to <496.95 GiB (127218 extents).  
 Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
  5. Finally it’s time to grow the file system. 
    sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

    Example Output

     resize2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)  
 Filesystem at /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required  
 old_desc_blocks = 50, new_desc_blocks = 63  
 The filesystem on /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv is now 130271232 (4k) blocks long.
  6. Lastly verify the free space is being shown 
    df -h

    Example Output

     Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on  
 tmpfs                              392M  988K  391M   1% /run  
 efivarfs                           128M   26K  128M   1% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars  
 /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv  489G  391G   78G  84% /  
 tmpfs                              2.0G     0  2.0G   0% /dev/shm  
 tmpfs                              5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock  
 /dev/sda2                          2.0G  198M  1.6G  11% /boot  
 /dev/sda1                          1.1G  6.2M  1.1G   1% /boot/efi  
 tmpfs                              392M   12K  392M   1% /run/user/1000

    On the partiton mounted as / it shows the new size of 489G.